Ukraine ndeimwe yenyika dzekutanga kugadzira oiri

I. Matura ezviwanikwa zvesimba
Ukraine yakanga iri imwe yevatangi vekutanga kuchera mafuta pasi rose.Anosvika 375 miriyoni matani emafuta uye gasi rakanyungudutswa rakagadzirwa kubva pakushandiswa kwemaindasitiri.Matani anosvika mamiriyoni makumi masere nemashanu akacherwa mumakore makumi maviri apfuura.Iyo yakazara matura e petroleum zviwanikwa muUkraine matani bhiriyoni 1.041, kusanganisira 705 miriyoni matani epetroleum uye 366 miriyoni matani e liquefied gasi.Iyo inonyanya kugoverwa munzvimbo nhatu huru dzemafuta uye gasi hupfumi: kumabvazuva, kumadokero uye kumaodzanyemba.Bhandi remafuta negasi rekumabvazuva rinotora 61 muzana yemafuta eUkraine.205 minda yemafuta yakagadziridzwa mudunhu, 180 ayo ari ehurumende.Minda huru yemafuta ndeye Lelyakivske, Hnidyntsivske, Hlynsko-Rozbyshevske uye zvichingodaro.Iyo yekumadokero oiri uye gasi bhandi rinonyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo yeOuter Carpathian, kusanganisira Borslavskoe, DOLynske nemamwe minda yemafuta.Iyo yekumaodzanyemba bhandi remafuta uye gasi rinonyanya kuwanikwa kumadokero uye kuchamhembe kweGungwa Dzvuku, kuchamhembe kweGungwa reAzov, Crimea, uye nharaunda yegungwa reUkraine muGungwa dema uye Gungwa reAzov.Nzvimbo dzinokwana makumi matatu nepfumbamwe dzemafuta negasi dzakawanikwa munzvimbo iyi, kusanganisira gumi minda yemafuta.Kumabvazuva mafuta-gasi bhandi, petroleum density iri 825-892 kg/m3, uye zvirimo parafini iri 0.01-5.4%, sarufa iri 0.03-0.79%, peturu 9-34%, uye dizeli iri 26-39. %.Kuwanda kwemafuta kumadokero kwemafuta uye gasi bhandi ndeye 818-856 kg / m3, ine zvinyorwa zve 6-11% parafini, 0.23-0.79% sarufa, 21-30% peturu uye 23-32% dizeli.
Ii.Kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa
Muna 2013, Ukraine yakatora 3.167 miriyoni matani emafuta, kunze kwenyika 849,000 matani, kunze kwenyika 360,000 matani, uye yakadya 4.063 miriyoni matani ekunatsa.
Magetsi mitemo nemitemo
Mitemo mikuru nemirairo mundima yemafuta negesi ndeiyi: Mutemo weUkraine Oiri neGasi Nhamba 2665-3 yaChikunguru 12, 2011, Ukrainian Pipeline Transport Law Nha. 1391-14 yaJanuary 14, 2000, Ukrainian Gas Market Operation Principle Law Nha. 1999, Mutemo wokuUkraine paKuvandudza Basa rekurapa kwevashandi vemigodhi yaSeptember 2, 2008, uye Coalbed methane Law No. 1392-6 yaMay 21, 2009. Mitemo mikuru mumunda wemagetsi ndeiyi: Ukrainian Law No. 74/94 of July 1, 1994 pamusoro pekuchengetedza simba, Ukrainian Mutemo No. 575/97 yaOctober 16, 1997 pamagetsi, Ukrainian Mutemo No. 2633-4 waJune 2, 2005 pamusoro Heat kupa, Mutemo No. pakushanda Misimboti yeUkraine Magetsi Market.
Makambani emafuta negesi eUkraine ari kutambura nekurasikirwa kwakanyanya uye kushomeka kwekudyara uye kuongorora muchikamu chemafuta negesi.Ukrgo ndiyo kambani hombe yeUkraine ine simba rehurumende, ichipomba 90 muzana yemafuta negesi enyika.Zvisinei, kambani yakatambura kurasikirwa kwakakomba mumakore achangopfuura, kusanganisira 17.957 bhiriyoni hryvna muna 2013 uye 85,044 bhiriyoni hryvna muna 2014. Kushayikwa kwemari yeUkraine mafuta uye gasi Company yava mutoro unorema pabhajeti rehurumende yeUkraine.
Kudzikira kwemitengo yemafuta negasi pasi rose kwamisa zvirongwa zviripo zvesimba remubatanidzwa.Royal Dutch Shell yafunga kubuda muchirongwa chegasi cheshale muUkraine nekuda kwekudonha kwemitengo yemafuta negasi pasi rose, izvo zvaita kuti zvisanyanya hupfumi kuongorora uye kugadzira zviwanikwa zvesimba.


Nguva yekutumira: Feb-08-2022